Published on in Vol 8 (2025)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/59276, first published
.

1 School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
2 Critical Care Medicine Department, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
3 Department of Nursing, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
*these authors contributed equally