Published on in Vol 9 (2026)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/85649, first published
.

1 Medical-Surgical Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
2 Hail Health Cluster, King Khaled Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia
3 Community Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, University of Ha'il, Hail, Saudi Arabia
